Medical liquid dispensing applicators and methods of manufacture

ABSTRACT

There is provided a liquid dispensing applicator. The liquid dispensing applicator can include a sound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of the container body to indicate to a user that the rotation is performed. The sound-generating system includes at least one knob and a plurality of ribs. the at least one knob cooperates with at least some of the ribs during rotation of the container body, in order to generate the sound. The liquid dispensing applicator can alternatively or also include a wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbent material. The wing element extends from an outer surface of the head component and comprises opposing surfaces and a at least one edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element, and configured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed after insertion of the wing element into the slot.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The technical field generally relates to liquid application onto asurface, and more particularly to liquid dispensing applicators forapplying medical liquids to the surface of patients, as well as methodsof manufacturing such liquid dispensing applicators.

BACKGROUND

Applicators for applying liquids to surfaces are broadly used in severalindustries such as the medical domain to treat or clean. Hygiene,reliability, ease of use and safety are some of the desirablecharacteristics for such applicators. One way to promote or improve thehygienic characteristics of an applicator may be by ensuring that theapplicator can only be used once and then must be thrown away. Anotherway is by limiting environmental or user access to certain parts of theapplicator.

Another consideration for fluid applicators is fluid flow. Fluid flowcharacteristics are an issue because providing excessive or insufficientamount of liquid on a surface can be detrimental or problematic to thefluid application purpose.

In addition, in particular for medicinal or antiseptic liquids it isdesirable to reliably liberate the liquid at the moment of application.For desirable operation, the liquid applicator is often provided with anabsorbent material to receive the liquid and then spread the liquid ontoa surface. Liberating the liquid into the absorbent material can haveseveral challenges. The absorbent material plays a role in theregulation of the liquid flow and the design of the container componentcan also affect the fluid flow. In addition, the relative orientationand the position of the different components of the applicator caninfluence the fluid flow and method of dispensing the liquid.

There are some known liquid applicators that use certain mechanisms tohold, liberate and apply the liquid. One known type of applicator isdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,614,811 B2 (hereafter “Kaufman '811”).Kaufman '811 describes a hand-held dispensing applicator comprising asource of fluid, a frangible applicator tip attached to the fluidsource, and an absorbent member attached to the frangible applicatortip. When the frangible applicator tip is broken, fluid flows from thesource to the absorbent member, whereby the fluid is applied and spreadon a surface. The frangible applicator tip may comprise a supportelement permanently connected to the fluid source, a relatively rigidtongue element extending outwardly of the support element, and afrangible region there-between. By deflecting the tongue elementrelative to the support element, the frangible region fractures tothereby permit fluid to flow from the fluid source into the attachedabsorbent member.

The Kaufman '881 applicator and method of operation have variouslimitations and disadvantages related to the deflection method andconfiguration of the tongue element. Having the tongue providestructural support for the absorbent member may also lead toinconsistent performance and complicated manufacture and designrequirements.

Another known type of applicator is described in U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/740,910, published under No. 2007/0286668 (hereafter“Kaufman '910”). Kaufman '910 describes several variants of a hand-helddispensing applicator. One of the variants illustrated in FIGS. 12-26comprises a container with a tongue element and a stem piece containinga fracture anvil having a cruciform passage for receiving the tongueelement when the container and stem piece are coupled together thecruciform passage and the tongue element engage to twist the tongueelement at a weakened joinder location resulting in at least partialseparation from the container to enable the liquid to flow into the stempiece toward an absorbent material.

Another fluid applicator with tongue-and-slot configuration is describedin U.S. Pat. No. 6,533,484 (hereafter “Osei '484”). Osei '484 describesa fluid applicator comprising a solution container having a frangibletwist-off member and an applicator head having a receiving member thatthe twist-off member engages when the applicator head is rotatedrelative to the solution container to open the container at thetwist-off member to enable fluid to flow from the solution containerinto the applicator head and to an applicating material.

The known fluid applicators have a number of disadvantages related toreliability, ease of use, safety, manufacturing and effective fluidapplication. There is a need for a liquid dispensing applicator thatovercomes at least some of the disadvantages of what is known in thisfield.

SUMMARY

The present invention responds to the above-mentioned need by providingliquid dispensing applicators and method of manufacturing suchapplicators.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator,comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container bodyhaving a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatableand a first end and a second end, the second end comprising aprojection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal endand a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second endof the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquidonto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receivingthe projection of the container body; wherein the container body and thehead component are rotatable with respect to each other to enableengagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage ofpart of the container body to form a fluid communication breach therebyallowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passagewayof the head component; and a sound-generating system for generating asound during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axisto indicate to a user that the rotation is performed, thesound-generating system comprising: at least one knob and a plurality ofribs, the at least one knob cooperating with at least some of the ribsduring rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, inorder to generate the sound, wherein the at least one knob is located onan outer surface of the head component and the plurality of ribs arelocated on an outer surface of the second end of the container body, orthe at least one knob is located on the outer surface of the second endof the container body and the plurality of ribs are located on the outersurface of the head component.

In one optional aspect, the at least one knob comprises two knobs.

In another optional aspect, the two knobs are located opposite to eachother.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob is positioned betweentwo consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, the container body and the head componentare rotatable with respect to each other to up to a maximum angle.

In another optional aspect, the fluid communication breach is formedsubstantially upon reaching the maximum angle, and wherein the at leastone knob is immobilized upon reaching the maximum angle thereby stoppinggeneration of the sound.

In another optional aspect, the maximum angle is between about 80° andabout 180°.

In another optional aspect, a snap signifies the user of the completionof the rotation and the projection break.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob extends from the outersurface of the head component to contact the second end of the containerbody and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, each one of the plurality of ribs extendsfrom the second end of the container body to contact the outer surfaceof the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob extends from thesecond end of the container body to contact the outer surface of thehead component and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, each one of the plurality of ribs extendsfrom the outer surface of the head component to contact the second endof the container body.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator,comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container bodyhaving a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatableand a first end and a second end, the second end comprising aprojection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal endand a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second endof the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquidonto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receivingthe projection of the container body; wherein the container body and thehead component are rotatable with respect to each other to enableengagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage ofpart of the container body to form a fluid communication breach therebyallowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passagewayof the head component, the head component further comprising at leastone wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbentmaterial, the at least one wing element extending from an outer surfaceof the head component and comprising opposing surfaces and a at leastone edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element andconfigured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed afterinsertion of the at least one wing element into the slot.

In one optional aspect, the at least one edge spike comprises aplurality of edge spikes.

In another optional aspect, an angle formed between the at least oneedge spike and the longitudinal axis is lower than 90°.

In another optional aspect, the at least one wing element comprises twowing elements.

In another optional aspect, the two wing elements are provided in aspaced-apart and generally parallel relation to each other.

In another optional aspect, the two wing elements are linked together bya bridge element.

In another optional aspect, at least one of the opposing surfacescomprises at least one surface spike.

In another optional aspect, each one of the opposing surfaces comprisesat least one surface spike.

In another optional aspect, the at least one surface spike comprises aplurality of surface spikes.

In another optional aspect, the at least one wing element comprises anattachment region attached to the outer surface of the head componentand a free end extending beyond an end surface of the slot system.

In another optional aspect, the attachment region is connected to aconical part of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the head component including the at leastone wing element is provided as a one piece structure.

In another optional aspect, the head component is a molded structure.

In another optional aspect, the absorbent material comprises a singlepiece of sponge comprising a slot for receiving at least part of the atleast one wing element therein.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicatorcomprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container bodyhaving a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatableand a first end and a second end, the second end comprising an offsetprojection located so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis; ahead component having a passageway having a distal end and a proximalend, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of thecontainer body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto asurface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving theoffset projection of the container body; wherein the container body andthe head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enableengagement of the offset projection and the slot system and causebreakage of the offset projection forming a fluid communication breachthereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into thepassageway of the head component.

In one optional aspect, the offset projection is oriented in parallelrelation with respect to the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is spaced away fromthe longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is formed as a solidpeg.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is cylindrical.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is sized andconfigured to enable formation of the fluid communication breach in thecontainer body upon breakage of the offset projection, the fluidcommunication breach having a size allowing liquid flow control. Thefluid communication breach may be sized to prevent gravity-inducedliquid flow. In another optional aspect, the fluid communication breachhas a diameter of less than about 3 mm. In another optional aspect, thefluid communication breach has a diameter of between about 1.5 mm andabout 2 mm.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is a first offsetprojection and the container body comprises at least one additionaloffset projection, constituting a plurality of offset projections.

In another optional aspect, the plurality of offset projections aresized and configured to enable formation of a total fluid communicationbreach area in the container body upon breakage of the plurality ofoffset projections, the total fluid communication breach area having asize allowing liquid flow control. In another optional aspect, the totalfluid communication breach area is below about 14 mm². In anotheroptional aspect, the total fluid communication breach area is betweenabout 1.75 mm² and about 3.15 mm².

In another optional aspect, the at least one additional offsetprojection comprises a second offset projection provided in parallel andspaced-apart relation to the first offset projection.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection has a base and a tipand the second end of the container body comprises a weakened regionproximate the base of the offset projection. In another optional aspect,the weakened region comprises an indentation in a wall of the second endof the container in opposed relation to the base of the offsetprojection. In another optional aspect, the indentation is provided witha size and shape conforming to a cross-section of the base of the offsetprojection.

In another optional aspect, the second end of the container bodycomprises a frusto-conical wall. In another optional aspect, thepassageway of the head component has a cavity with a cooperative shapefor receiving and abutting against the frusto-conical wall.

In another optional aspect, the applicator also has an axial couplingsystem for axially coupling the head component to the container body. Inan optional aspect, the axial coupling system comprises aridge-and-groove system wherein the second end of the container bodycomprises an annular ridge and an inner surface of the passageway of thehead component comprises an annular groove cooperative with the annularridge for axially coupling the head component to the container body. Theridge-and-groove system may be snap fitting.

In another optional aspect, the applicator has a radial locking systemfor radially securing the head component to the container body afterrotation thereof and breakage of the offset projection. In an optionalaspect, the radial locking system comprises a lip-and-channel systemcomprising at least one lip and at least one corresponding channel, thelip being radially slidable within the channel, the channel comprising alocking nodule at a far end thereof, wherein rotation from an initialposition toward a breakage position causes the lip to slide through thechannel and pass over the locking nodule and wherein the locking noduleprevents the lip from sliding back to the initial position. The radiallocking system may be configured such that the container body is lockedwith respect to the head component in a fluid flow position whereinfluid flow apertures of the container body are aligned with openings ofthe passageway.

In another optional aspect, the container body is formed as a one-pieceplastic structure. In another optional aspect, the head component isformed as a one-piece plastic structure.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided aliquid dispensing applicator comprising: a container body for containinga liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which thecontainer body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the secondend comprising a projection; a head component having a passageway havinga distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receivingthe second end of the container body and the distal end being forapplying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slotsystem for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein thecontainer body and the head component are rotatable with respect to eachother to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system andcause breakage of the projection forming a fluid communication breachthereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into thepassageway of the head component; and a radial locking system forradially locking the container body and the head component togetherafter rotation with respect to each other.

In one optional aspect, the projection is at least one offset projectionlocated so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the projection is a tongue arranged so as torotate in response to rotation of the container body with respect to thehead component.

In another optional aspect, the radial locking system comprises alip-and-channel system.

In another optional aspect, the lip-and-channel system comprises atleast one lip and at least one corresponding channel with a lockingnodule over which the lip passes.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip is provided on thecontainer body and the at least one corresponding channel is provided onan inner surface of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip comprises two opposedlips on either side of the container body and the at least one channelcomprises two opposed radial channels.

In another optional aspect, the breakage of the projection forms a fluidcommunication breach and the radial locking system is configured suchthat the container body and the head component are locked together sothat the fluid communication breach is aligned with the passageway.

In another optional aspect, the first end of the container body has aclamped part (pinched part) and the radial locking system is configuredsuch that the container body and the head component are locked togetherso that the clamped part is oriented for easy and ergonomic grasping.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided aliquid dispensing applicator comprising: a container body for containinga liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which thecontainer body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the secondend comprising a projection; a head component having a passageway havinga distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receivingthe first end of the container body and the distal end being forapplying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slotsystem for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein thecontainer body and the head component are rotatable with respect to eachother to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system andcause breakage of the projection thereby allowing the liquid to flowfrom the container body into the passageway of the head component; and adual-locking system for axially locking the container body and the headcomponent together upon axially coupling and for radially locking thecontainer body and the head component together after rotation withrespect to each other.

In one optional aspect, the projection is at least one offset projectionlocated so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the projection is a tongue arranged so as torotate in response to rotation of the container body with respect to thehead component.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises a radiallocking system comprising a lip-and-channel system.

In another optional aspect, the lip-and-channel system comprises atleast one lip and at least one corresponding radial channel with alocking nodule over which the lip passes for radial locking.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip is provided on thecontainer body and the at least one corresponding channel is provided onan inner surface of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip comprises two opposedlips on either side of the container body and the at least one channelcomprises two opposed radial channels.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises axialchannels communicating with the two radial channels, the axial channelsallowing the two lips to be axially inserted therein.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises an axiallocking system comprising a groove-ridge system.

In another optional aspect, the groove-ridge system comprises the atleast one groove provided on the head component and at least one annularridge provided on the container body for snap-fitting into thecorresponding at least one groove.

In another optional aspect, the breakage of the projection forms a fluidcommunication breach and the radial locking system is configured suchthat the container body and the head component are locked together sothat the fluid communication breach is aligned with the passageway.

In another optional aspect, the first end of the container body has aclamped part (pinched part) and the radial locking system is configuredsuch that the container body and the head component are locked togetherso that the clamped part is oriented for easy and ergonomic grasping.

In another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquiddispensing applicator, having one of more of the above defined features,using a blow-fill-seal (BFS) operation.

In one aspect, the method includes the steps of:

-   -   a) making the container body having one of more of the above        defined features, using a BFS operation, including:        -   i) providing a heated parison made of a polymeric material;        -   ii) enclosing the heated parison between a pair of side            molds;        -   iii) injecting a gas into the parison in order to effect            blow molding of the polymeric material to form a molded            container having an open top end;        -   iv) filling the molded container with a fluid; and        -   v) sealing the filled container using a top mold part, to            form the container body that is full of the fluid; and    -   b) making the head component using a molding operation.

In another aspect, the method is performed such that the container bodyhas an offset projection or a tongue and the fluid communication breachis formed in a region at the base of the projection or tongue where theyare joined to the top surface of the second end of the container body.In another aspect, the method is performed such that the container bodyhas a tongue element and the fluid communication breach is formed in aregion in spaced relation with respect to the tongue at a frangiblemembrane and/or crimp around the neck of the container body. Thefrangible membrane and/or crimp may be located in distal or proximalrelation with respect to other elements on the container body, such asthe axial locking elements, radial locking elements, and other elementsthat may be present.

The top mold part may be configured and operated to form the second endof the container body, while the pair of side molds may be configuredand operated to form the first end and the main central part of thecontainer body.

In another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquiddispensing applicator comprising a container body, which is preferablytubular, and a sponge affixed directly to the liquid dispensing end ofthe container body. The tubular container body may have one or morefeatures of the container bodies described and illustrated herein, ormay be another type of container body. The container body may be apre-injected tube, e.g. where the tube is pre-injected prior toundergoing a separate filling step, whereas in BFS such steps are donein a single process. The sponge may be connected to the container bodyafter the latter has been formed, e.g. by a BFS method. The sponge maybe attached using an adhesive, for example, around the neck of thetubular container body. A user may twist or otherwise break the tongueor projection of the container body by gripping or otherwise engaging itthrough the sponge that covers the liquid dispensing end of thecontainer body.

There is also provided a medial liquid dispensing applicator,comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container bodyhaving a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatableand a first end and a second end, the second end comprising aprojection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal endand a proximal end, the proximal end being for connection to the secondend of the container body and the distal end, the passageway containinga slot system for receiving the projection of the container body;wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable withrespect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and theslot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form afluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from thecontainer body into the passageway of the head component.

In some implementations, the medical liquid dispensing applicator of theprevious paragraph comprises one or more features as described in anyone or a combination of the above paragraphs, the drawings and/or thebelow description, such as a sound-generating system, one or more wingelements, a ratchet system, one or more locking systems, and/or acertain configuration of one or more projections and corresponding slotsystem.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side partial cut, partial exploded and partial transparentview schematic of a liquid dispending applicator according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side partial cut, partial exploded and partial transparentview schematic of a part of a liquid dispending applicator according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 3a-3j are top plan view schematics of part of an end of acontainer body according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 4a-4q are perspective view schematics of an offset projectionaccording to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 5a-5g are side cut view schematics of part of an end of acontainer body according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 6a-6c are top plan and partial transparent view schematics of partof an end of a container body according to embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 7a-7m are top plan view schematics of part of a slot system of ahead component according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 8a-8d are side partial cut and partial transparent view schematicsof a head component according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a container body with offset projectionsaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side plan view of an end of the container body according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side cut view of part of a head component according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a top plan view of part of a head component according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 13a-13f are perspective view schematics of radial locking systemsaccording to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view schematic of a radial locking systemaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a top perspective cross-sectional view of part of the headcomponent according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of the head component according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a side cut and exploded view schematic of a head componentand a container body according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a container body with tongue accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an isolated perspective view of a tongue of the containerbody according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the head component according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a partially transparent perspective view of the headcomponent according to an embodiment of the present invention, whereinengagement unit, recesses and grooves are shown transparently in dottedlines.

FIG. 22 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the structure of thehead component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional side view of the head component.

FIG. 24 is a bottom perspective view of the head component.

FIG. 25 is a close-up perspective view of the front end of the containerbody without the tongue member or offset projections.

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the head component coupled with anabsorbent material.

FIG. 27 is a side plan view schematic of an end of the container bodyaccording to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 28a-28e are side perspective view schematics of configurations ofoffset projections with support tabs.

FIG. 29 is a process diagram.

FIG. 30 is a perspective exploded view schematic of a container body anda sponge.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view schematic of an applicator including acontainer body and a sponge.

FIG. 32 is a perspective exploded view schematic of an applicator.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view schematic of a variant head component.

FIGS. 34a and 34b are perspective front and back view schematics ofanother variant head component.

FIG. 35a is a perspective view schematic of yet another variant headcomponent.

FIG. 35b is a side elevated view schematic of the variant head componentof FIG. 35 a.

FIGS. 36a and 36b are perspective exploded view schematics of anapplicator including a sound feedback system, according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIG. 37a is a side plan view schematic of the applicator of FIGS. 36aand 36 b.

FIG. 37b is a side plan and partial transparent view schematic of theapplicator of FIG. 37 a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIG. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention,the liquid dispensing applicator 10 includes two main parts: a containerbody 12 and a head component 14. These two components may be axiallycoupled together in operation. Some axial coupling mechanisms that maybe used in connection with the present invention will be describedfurther below.

The container body 12 preferably has an outer wall 16 defining acontainer cavity 18 therein for receiving and holding a liquid. Thecontainer body 12 may be a one-piece structure or it may be composed oftwo or more sub-components fixed or otherwise coupled together. Thecontainer body 12 is preferably formed as a generally elongated tubularstructure with opposed first and second ends 20, 22. The container body12 also has a longitudinal axis 24 about which the container body 12 canrotate. Preferably this longitudinal axis 24 passes through the centerline of the tubular structure having a circular cross-section. Thecontainer body 12 also has at its second end 22 at least one offsetprojection 26. The illustrated embodiment of FIG. 1 has a pair of offsetprojections 26. Each of the offset projections 26 extends from aterminal surface 28 of the container body at the second end 22 thereof.Preferably each offset projection extends at a right angle with respectto the terminal surface 28 and is parallel with respect to thelongitudinal axis 24 of the container body 12. When a pair of offsetprojections 26 is provided, they are preferably equally spaced away froma central point of the second end 22 through which the longitudinal axis24 passes.

The offset projection is so-called because it is located on the secondend of the container body so as to avoid traversing the longitudinalaxis. Unlike a central tongue or tab that may span the width of thesecond end and thus traverse the longitudinal axis 24, the offsetprojections are located such that each offset projection does not crossthe longitudinal axis 24. As will be explained further below, bylocating the offset projections in such a way, they are not twisted inresponse to rotation but are rather deflected and sheared.

Referring still to FIG. 1, the second end 22 of the container body 12 isfit into part of the head component 14. The head component 14 comprisesa tubular trunk 30 for receiving the second end 22 of the container body12 as well as a base portion 32 for supporting an absorbent material 34such as a sponge. The tubular trunk 30 has a slot system 36 configuredfor receiving the offset projections 26 of the container body 12.

In operation, the container body 12 is coupled to the head component 14so as to be axially secured together while allowing rotational movementwith respect to each other and so that the offset projections areinserted within the slot system 36. Upon rotation of the container body12 with respect to the head component 14, the offset projections 26engage with the slot system 36 causing shearing and breakage at or nearto offset projections 26, thereby allowing the liquid to flow fromwithin the container body 12 into and through the head component 14toward the absorbent material 34. Breakage of the projections 26 resultsin the formation of apertures in the second end 22 of the container body12. Such apertures are schematically illustrated and identified withreference character 37 in FIG. 17.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the slot system 36 comprises one or more slots38 sized and configured to receive corresponding ones of the offsetprojections 26. The slots 38 are formed within the material of theengagement unit 40 which is mounted within or unitary with an outer wall42 of the tubular trunk 30. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, theoffset projections 26 and the slots 38 have cylindrical shapes and aresized such that the offset projections 26 fit entirely within the slots38 which each extend partially within the engagement unit 40, ratherthan extending entirely there-through. The engagement unit 40 also has afluid passageway 44, which is sized and configured so as to align withthe tom open apertures formed after breakage of the offset projections26. The fluid passageway 44 is thus in fluid communication with theproximal end of the tubular trunk 30 and allows fluid to flow into thebase portion 32 and into the absorbent material 34.

Referring to FIGS. 3a-3j , it should be understood that the at least oneoffset projection 26 may be provided in several ways and may takevarious forms. There may be a pair of projections 26 equally spaced awayfrom the axis as shown in FIGS. 3a, 3e, 3f, 3h, 3i and 3j ; multipleprojections 26 located around the terminal surface of the container bodyas shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d ; a single projection 26 as shown in FIGS.3b and 3g ; projections that are all spaced away from the central axisas shown in FIGS. 3a-3f and 3h ; projections that have a surface alignedwith but not traversing the central axis as shown in FIG. 3g ;projections that have a circular cross-section as shown in FIGS. 3a-3eand 3g ; projections of different sizes on a single container as shownin FIG. 3d ; projections that have oval cross-sections as shown in FIG.3f ; and/or projections that have other cross-sections as shown in FIGS.3h and 3j . In addition, referring to FIGS. 4a-4q , each offsetprojection may have various forms, some of which are illustrated here.

It is also noted that the container body is preferably constructed as aunitary one-piece structure made of plastic material. Thus, theprojections are preferably unitary with the rest of the container body12.

Referring to FIGS. 5a-5g , the second end of the container body may havean end wall 46 from which the offset projections 26 extend and which hasweakened regions 48 proximate the base of respective offset projections26. The weakened regions 48 may include indentations 50 as shown inFIGS. 5a-5d and 5g . The weakened regions 48 may also be areas where theend wall 46 is thinner than the rest of the wall of the container bodyas shown in FIG. 5f . The weakened regions 48 may also include hollowsections 52 of the projections 26 as shown in FIGS. 5c-5e . The hollowsections 52 may be joined with the indentations 50 as shown in FIG. 5 c.

Referring to FIGS. 6a-6c , the weakened regions such as indentations 50may be sized and located in several different ways. The indentations 50may be provided in a concentric manner with respect to the cross-sectionof respective offset projections 26 as shown in FIG. 6a ; they may beprovided offset with respect to the cross-section of respective offsetprojections 26 as shown in FIG. 6b , for instance offset in therotational direction in which the projections are sheared and displaced;and they may be provided as an annular continuous indentation 50encircling the central axis and located below each of the offsetprojections 26 as shown in FIG. 6 c.

Referring to FIG. 17, the weakened region 48 may also include a notch 54provided in the base of the offset projection 26 and optionally acorresponding edge 56 in the upper part of the slot 38 for engaging thenotch and facilitating breakage of the projection 26.

It should be noted that various other means may be used to facilitatethe breaking of the projections and opening up of the apertures in thecontainer body to enable and facilitate fluid flow.

Referring to FIGS. 7a-7m , the engagement unit 40 has one or more slots38 and one or more fluid passageways 44. In the illustrated embodimentsof FIGS. 7a-7l , the preferred rotation of the head component relativeto the container body is 90°, thus allowing the torn open apertures ofthe container body to align with passageways. It should be noted thatother configurations are also possible. For instance, FIG. 7m shows aconfiguration for 180° rotation for ideal alignment.

Referring to FIGS. 7k, 3e, 3i and 3j , the container body may also havea central protuberance 58 aligned with the longitudinal axis and theengagement unit 40 may have a corresponding hole 60 for receiving thecentral protuberance 58, which does not break but rather helps tostabilise and orient the components together for coupling and rotation.

Referring to FIGS. 8a-8d , the fluid passageway 44 and the slots 38 mayhave several different configurations. For instance, the slots 38 mayextend only partially down into the engagement unit material as shown inFIGS. 8a and 8d , or they may extend all the way through as shown inFIGS. 8b and 8c . In addition, the engagement unit 40 may taper inwardlyas it extends toward the base portion 32 as shown in FIGS. 8c and 8d .The fluid passageway 44 may have a constant cross-section as shown inFIGS. 8a-8c , or it may have a variable cross-section where at leastpart of the passageway tapers outwardly as it extends toward the baseportion 32 as shown in FIG. 8d . The engagement unit 40 may have aproximal surface 62 and a distal surface 64 which may be parallel toeach other as shown in FIGS. 8a-8c , or not. FIG. 8d shows aconfiguration in which the distal surface 64 is not parallel to theproximal surface 62 but rather to the base portion 32. It should also benoted that the engagement unit 40 may be located at a desired depth withthe tubular trunk 30 of the head component 14. In one embodiment, theengagement unit 40 is located relatively deep in the trunk 30 asillustrated in FIG. 8c such that at least part of the distal surface 64is aligned with the undersurface 66 of a hollow space defined in thebase portion for receiving the absorbent material.

Referring now to FIG. 9, the container body 12 is preferably designed tohave an elongated tubular structure so as to be manipulated as a handleby a user. The container body 12 has a central portion 68 in between thefirst end 20 and the second end 22. The central portion 68 is preferablymade of a deformable material, such as various plastic materials, so asto be squeezable in order to allow a user to influence the pressureexerted on the liquid and thus control the liquid flow. The first end 20of the container body 12 is preferably closed by a pinched plastic part70. Alternatively, the first end 20 may be closed using a variety ofother techniques depending on the method of filling the container body12 with the liquid and on the particular construction and parts used toassemble the container body. In a preferred aspect, the container body12 is formed as a one-piece structure made from a plastic material. Sucha one-piece structure may be manufactured using various mouldingtechniques, for example. It is also possible to construct the containerbody is other ways. For example, the container body 12 may be assembledfrom two or more parts that are fused, melted or screwed together. Thefirst and second ends 20, 22, for example, may be separate componentsthat are permanently or reversibly attached to the central portion 68 toform the container body 12. It should be noted that such attachmentbetween container body sub-components should be fluid-tight.

Referring still to FIG. 9, the second end 22 of the container body 12may be configured and provided with several preferred features foradvantageous functionality of the liquid dispensing applicator. Thesecond end 22 preferably includes a side wall 72 and the end wall 46.The side wall 72 has a cylindrical section 74 connected to the centralportion 68 of the container body 12 and has a frustro-conical section 76extending between and connecting the cylindrical section 74 and the endwall 46. The cylindrical section 74 has a smaller diameter than that ofthe central portion 68, preferably sized such that the entire second end22 of the container body can be inserted within the tubular trunk of thehead component. An annular ledge 78 defined between the cylindricalsection 72 and the central portion 68 can abut on a correspondingannular surface (identified with reference character 80 in FIG. 15) ofthe head component. The surface of the outer wall 16 of the containerbody thus aligns to be generally coplanar with the outer surface of thetubular trunk, thereby providing a flush surface for the assembledapplicator. The side wall 72 is preferably provided as a rigid, thick orstrengthened plastic wall compared to the outer wall 16 of the rest ofthe container body, especially compared to that of the central portion68.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid dispensing applicator has adouble-locking mechanism for both axially and radially locking the headcomponent to the container body in the desired functional positions.

Preferably the axial locking system comprises ridge-and-groove systemwherein one of the components has a ridge and the other component has agroove for receiving the ridge when the components are axially coupledtogether. Preferably the ridge-and-groove system is snap fitting. It isalso noted that there may be multiple ridges and corresponding groovesfor providing multiple snap fit connection points.

Referring to FIG. 9, the second end 22 of the container body 12,preferably the frustro-conical section 72 comprises the annular ridge82. Referring to FIG. 11 an inner surface of the tubular trunk 30 hasthe annular groove 84 that is cooperative with the annular ridge foraxially coupling the head component to the container body. It should benoted that the annular ridge may alternatively be provided on the headcomponent and the annular groove may be provided on the second end ofthe container body.

Preferably the radial locking system for radially securing the headcomponent to the container body after rotation thereof and breakage ofthe offset projection comprises a lip-and-channel system wherein one ofthe components has at least one lip and the other component has at leastone corresponding channel with a locking nodule.

Referring to FIG. 10, the second end 22 of the container body 12,preferably the cylindrical section 74, comprises the lip 86. Preferablythere are two opposed lips 86 one on each side of the container body 12.Referring to FIG. 11, an inner surface of the tubular trunk 30 has thechannel 88. The channel 88 preferably has a radial channel section 90and an axial channel section 92, which are interconnected so that thelip can slide axially through the axial channel 92 when axially couplingthe two head component to the container body and then the lip can slideradially along the radial channel 90 when the components are rotatedwith respect to each other. The lip 86 is radially slidable within theradial channel section 90, which has a locking nodule 94 at its far end96. When releasing the liquid from the container body 12, rotation froman initial position toward a breakage and liquid release position causesthe lip 86 to slide through the radial channel 90 and pass over thelocking nodule 94 and the locking nodule 94 then prevents the lip 86from sliding back. The far end 96 of the radial channel 90 is sized andconfigured to receive the lip 86. It should be noted that the lips mayalternatively be provided on the head component and the channels may beprovided on the second end of the container body. Having two opposedlips and two opposed corresponding channels enables, for example,improved guiding and stability for rotating and radial locking.

Referring to FIG. 12, there are preferably two opposed channels suchthat the axial channel sections 92 are on either side of the tubulartrunk 30.

Referring to FIGS. 13a-13f , the locking nodule 94 can be provided in anumber of ways within the radial channel 90. The locking nodule 94 cantake the form of a round bump as shown in FIGS. 13b and 13c , aninclined block with a straight back edge as shown in FIG. 13a , a ledgedefined by a sloping radial channel as shown in FIG. 13d , or anothershape or form. The locking nodule 94 may also be provided on a bottomsurface 96 or a side surface 100 of the radial channel 90. FIG. 13eshows a flexible tab-like nodule and FIG. 13f shows a configurationusing two nodules on the bottom and side surfaces of the radial channel90.

In addition, the radial locking system may be configured to havemultiple or staged locking positions.

Referring to FIG. 14, the radial channel 90 may have multiple lockingnodules including a first nodule 94 a and a second nodule 94 b. Rotationof the head component relative to the container body will cause the lipto pass over the first nodule 94 and retaining the lip in a firstchannel section 102 and securing the components together at anintermediate position. Further rotation of the components causes the lipto pass over the second nodule 94 b and to be retained in the secondchannel section 104 at the end of the radial channel 90. It should benoted that the passageway and offset projections may be configured andoriented such that in the intermediate rotational position, the liquidcan be release in a different manner compared to a full rotationposition, e.g. different passageway diameters could enable differentflow control and flow rate of liquid. In one aspect, the fluidcommunication breaches formed by breakage of the projections are sizedto prevent gravity-induced liquid flow, thus allowing fluid to beretained within the container body unless the user exerts pressure onthe container body.

With regard to the radial locking system, various different structuresand interworking parts may be provided to allow the head component to besecured to the container body after rotation. For instance, instead ofhaving a channel inset into the inner surface of the tubular trunk ofthe head component, there may be an elongated slot through the tubulartrunk and the container body may have a rod projecting so as to passthrough the elongate slot and be slidable therein. The elongated slotmay have a nodule, edge or another structural element at its far end toresist back sliding of the rod after rotation.

Referring to FIG. 15, once the offset projections have been sheared andliquid has been released though the passageway 44, the fluid flowsthrough a downstream cavity 106 and into the base portion 32 of the headcomponent 14. The base portion 32 has an inset region 108 which has thebottom surface 66. The base portion 32 also has a lower perimeter 110surrounding the inset region 108. Preferably the absorbent material isattached to the lower perimeter 110 leaving a space (S) between theabsorbent material and the bottom surface 66. This spacing (S) ispreferably sized and provided so as to allow the liquid to flow intothat inset region 108 to improve even distribution over the absorbentmaterial (not illustrated here). The absorbent material is mounted tothe base portion preferably around the perimeter 110 using an adhesive.Once the liquid penetrates through the absorbent material it can bedispensed by the absorbent material onto the desired surface.

Each offset projection may have a proximal side and distal side withrespect to the center of the end tip. The proximal side may have asurface preferably located in spaced relation from the central axis by adistance D. The distal side of the offset projection may preferably havea surface located so as to be near or defining a smooth line with thesurface of the frustro-conical section of the end tip. While thelocation and configuration of the offset projections may be varied, itmay be preferable that each offset projection is located closer to theperimeter of the end of the container body than to the longitudinalaxis. Location of the offset projections should also be coordinated withtheir size, shape and configuration to ensure adequate breakage of theprojections in response to rotation of the container body relative tothe head component and to facilitate manufacturing and handling of theliquid dispensing applicator. For instance, projections located furtheraway from the longitudinal axis may be preferred for breaking inresponse to rotation.

Each of the projections also has a top end and bottom end, which mayhave the same or different cross-section and shape.

Referring now to FIG. 27, multiple offset projections 26 may be joinedtogether via a bridging member 111. There may be one or more bridgingmembers 111 which may be arranged in between the offset projections 26for stabilizing the projections during manufacturing, handling andpackaging of the liquid dispensing applicator. For instance, when theliquid dispensing applicator comprises one-piece moulded container bodyand one-piece moulded head component, there may be a bridging member 111that is also unitary with the offset projections 26 for stabilizingthem. The bridging member 111 may be structured and configured such thatupon insertion of the container body into the head component, thebridging member folds, moves or fractures to allow the offsetprojections to be received within the slot system. The bridging member111 may be provided between the far ends of the offset projections, inthe middle or in another location and may have a variety of forms andstructures.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring toFIG. 18, the container body 12 has at its second end 22 a tongue 112that extends forwardly from the end surface 46. The tongue 112 alsopreferably includes two ribs 114, 116 which are provided at the opposededged and at the base of a tab-shaped portion 118. The tongue hasbreakable regions that are connected to the tip of the second end 22 aswill be explained further below in relation to the operation of thecontainer body and head components when releasing the liquid.

It should be noted that this embodiment has many similar features as theembodiment described above, especially in relation to the axial andradial locking systems as well as the configuration and shape of thesecond end 22 of the container body 12. In addition, most head componentconstructions can be used with either embodiment of the container body12 corresponding to FIG. 9 or FIG. 18.

In operation, the container body 12 is coupled with the head component14 and the tongue 112 engages part of the head component 14 such thatrotation of the container body 12 relative to the head component 14causes the tongue 15 to twist and break away and create fluidcommunication between the container body 12 and the interior of headcomponent 14.

Referring now to FIGS. 20, 21 and 22, the head component 14 is shown ingreater detail and comprises several features as described hereinabove.The head component 14 may have a tapered section 120 in between thetubular trunk 30 and the base portion 32.

More particularly, as shown on FIGS. 21 and 22, the engagement unit 40has a slot 122 oriented, sized and configured to receive and engage withthe tongue of the container body. In one optional embodiment, the slot122 may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the tongue as shownin FIG. 18. In such a case, the slot 120 as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 hastwo cylindrical portions 124, 126 that extend a part of the way alongits length (L) and a central flat portion 128. The cylindrical portions124, 126 receive and engage the ribs of the tongue while the flatportion 128 receives the tab-shaped portion 118 of the tongue. Providingthis matching configuration of the tongue and slot enables improvedefficiency and performance.

As the container body 12 is mounted into the head component 14, the lipsof the front end of the container body 12 pass axially through the axialchannel sections 92 until they abut on the bottom surface of thechannels. At the same time, the tongue 112 is inserted into the slot 120(with the ribs housed in the cylindrical portions) of the engagementunit 40. In this position, the head component 14 and the container body12 are in a fluid containment mode. Preferably, the head and containerbody are provided with additional coupling means for snapping orotherwise holding them together in this position. The liquid dispensingapplicator may be sold in this pre-assembled form.

The channels allow the lips to rotationally slide therein, when the headcomponent is rotated relative to the container body. Preferably, thechannels and lips are provided with locking elements, such that once thehandle is rotated within the head component the lips are locked in therotated position.

The liquid dispensing applicator is assembled as appreciated byreferring to the Figs. The container body is inserted into the headcomponent such that the slot receives the tongue or the offsetprojections as the case may be. In addition, the container body and thehead component are provided with corresponding coupling elements,preferably an annular ridge and an annular groove, such that when thehandle component is inserted into the head component the ridge snapsinto the groove and axially locks the two components together. This isto prevent the components from being pulled apart. The ridge and grooveare arranged in order to lock the components axially while allowingrotational movement with respect to each other. In operation, when thehead and container body components are rotated with respect to eachother, a rupture is caused in the container body. The rupture isachieved by deflection shearing in the case of the offset projectionsand by at least partially rotationally shearing in the case of thetongue which is tom away from the front end to expose apertures whichpreferably align at the end of rotation with the passages provided inthe engagement unit. Liquid is thus released through the apertures, andflows through the passages into the lower cavity of the head component.The fluid flows into the base, which acts as a housing to the sponge.The base has inset region that is preferably spaced away from theabsorbent material, which allows the fluid to then flow into that insetregion to improve even distribution over the absorbent material. Theabsorbent material is mounted to the base, preferably around theperimeter using an adhesive. Once the fluid penetrated through theabsorbent material it can be dispensed by the absorbent material.

In operation, the user rotates the container body relative to the headcomponent. Consequently, this causes the lips to slide within thechannels and the engagement unit to engage and exert forces on thetongue or offset projections, as the case may be, which are fixedlymounted to the rest of the front end of the container body. At a certainpoint, the proximal portion of the tongue or offset projection, engagedwithin the slot, is broken by this rotation. Preferably, a snapsignifies the user of the completion of the tongue or offset projectionbreak. The breaking of the tongue or offset projection away from therest of the handle component creates fluid communication allowing theliquid to flow through the passageway and into the absorbent material.To facilitate this liquid flow, the engagement unit is preferablyconstructed to have passages which directly communicate with the exposedcavity of the container body after rotation. Preferably, the engagementunit comprises various walls that are designed to define the slot andpassages within the handle component. In some embodiments, the slot andpassages may extend in a substantially same direction as illustrated.

As the container body is locked in place with the lips engaged into thechannels, a fixed connection is made between the container body and thehead component. This connection provides reliability and security forthe liquid dispensing applicator during liquid application, the head andhandle components being secured together and acting as an integral unit.In addition, by providing a locking mechanism between the head andcontainer body components once rotated to the liquid dispensingposition, single-use of the liquid dispensing applicator is facilitatedsince the head and container body components cannot be detached,refilled or reused. Once rotation has taken place the broken tongue oroffset projections may remain within the slot and the two apertures areexposed (see FIG. 25). The passages of the engagement unit arepreferably sized and configured in relation to the channels and lipssuch that after full rotation the exposed apertures are aligned andcommunicate with the passages, thus ameliorating liquid flow.

The container body is preferably moulded such that the ribs of thetongue cap the apertures, which are then exposed with the breaking ofthe ribs away from the surrounding region. The ribs or offsetprojections may be sized as a function of the desired aperture size andengagement with the slot to effect adequate shearing upon rotation. Itshould also be noted that the tongue and exposable apertures may have avariety of forms and configurations, as long as the breaking of thetongue causes fluid communication between the cavity of the containerand the tubular member. In one non-illustrated variant, the crosssections of the passages and the apertures are very similar, e.g.circular, and their alignment enables the fluid communication. It is notimperative that the tongue be completely broken away from the handlecomponent and remain housed within the slot upon rotation; the tonguemay be only partially broken away at its lateral ends to expose theapertures while remaining attached at its central portion. It shouldalso be noted that while the preferred method of breaking the tongue isvia torsion forces by opposed rotation of the head and container bodycomponents along generally longitudinal axes, the head and containerbody components could also be constructed and arranged such that thetongue and slot engage and are displaced or rotated relative to eachother along other axes or vectors to effect the break and enable liquidto be released. The liquid is released from the two apertures into thecavity of the tubular member according to the pressure given by the userby squeezing the container. The tongue and slot engagement provides anumber of advantages for the liquid dispensing applicator. One advantageis improved reliability and consistency when breaking the tongue. Whileknown applicators depended on subjective deflection applied by a givenuser to break the tongue, various embodiments of the dispensingapplicator of the present invention allow consistent and recognizablebreaking by any user, reliable breaking and positioning of the tongueaway from the apertures and reliable positioning of the exposedapertures to ensure consistent and proper liquid flow toward theabsorbent material. The slot and tongue arrangement is also covered andprotected by the surrounding tubular component, which can help improvesterility and hygiene by limiting or eliminating contact with theenvironment or the user.

The liquid flowing into the cavity of the head component is dispensedthrough the absorbent material fitted into the base portion. The cavityof the tubular member is in fluid communication with the absorbentmaterial, preferably around the middle of the base portion. Thisarrangement helps to improve even distribution of the liquid into theabsorbent material for improved application. In addition, the angle(about 45°), between the upper surface of the base portion and thetubular member, offers an easy and ergonomic handling of the applicatorand efficient squeezing of the container body to allow fluid dispensing.This arrangement provides proper liquid flow through the absorbentmaterial which can be easily maintained in contact with the surface onwhich the liquid is to be applied.

In another embodiment, as described above, the applicator has“double-lock” functionality. The first lock axially holds the componentstogether and is achieved when the front end of the container body isinserted into the head component. This first locking may be snap actionby a groove-ridge engagement. The second lock radially holds thecomponents in a position of fluid release. Upon rotating the componentswith respect to each other and causing fluid communication between thecomponents, the second lock holds the components in the desired alignedfluid flow position, e.g. with the apertures of the container bodyaligned with the passages of the head component. It should be understoodthat many different locking mechanisms or means of achieving the“double-lock” functionality may be used.

In another optional aspect, the container body may be constructed suchthat the second end is a separate component which has threads forengaging with the main container portion to form the container body. Inanother aspect, the container body may be constructed such that thesecond end is glued, adhered, melt bonded, ultrasonically joined orotherwise attached onto the rest of the main container portion. Inanother aspect, the container body may be constructed as a mouldedstructure without the offset projections or without the tongue element,as the case may be. The container body may in this case have twoopenings at the second end and the offset projections or tongue elementis then glued, adhered, melt bonded, ultrasonically joined or otherwiseattached into place over the openings. In such embodiments, when thecontainer body is rotated in relation to the head component, the offsetprojections or tongue element may be allowed to break off due to ruptureor disconnection of the glue, adhesive, welded region or otherattachment means.

In another optional aspect, the liquid dispensing applicator isconstructed to provide flow control once the fluid communication hasbeen established. The container body and head component engagement maybe so as to establish abutment surfaces to allow a relatively sealedengagement avoiding air re-entry. Surface abutment and alignment of thebroken openings and the fluid passageway upon rotation improve the flowcontrol of the applicator.

In another optional aspect, referring to FIGS. 28a-28d , the offsetprojections 26 may also have support tabs 130 which may have a varietyof configurations. There may be support tabs 130 on either side or on asingle side of each offset projection. The support tabs may extend abovethe tip of each offset projection as in FIGS. 28c and 28d , or may endmidway up the offset projection as in FIGS. 28a and 28b . The supporttabs 130 are preferably configured, sized and given sufficient thicknessto provide support to the offset projections 26. Added support can aidduring manufacture, packaging, transport and operation of the device toavoid premature or unwanted breakage of the offset projections, forexample. It is also preferred, as illustrated, that the support tabs 130are unitary with the corresponding offset projections 26 and do not spanacross the rotation axis 24.

In another optional aspect, the liquid is a substance with a viscosityallowing it to flow out of the container body in response to pressurethereon. The liquid may be a substantially Newtonian fluid such asaqueous based fluids for surgical application. The liquid may also be athicker fluid, semi-liquid fluid, or another fluid for application ontoa surface.

Referring now to FIG. 29, a possible process for making an applicator isillustrated. In this case, there are two main parts: a container bodyand a head component.

Referring to FIGS. 30 and 31, the container body 12, which may beidentical or similar to one or more of the container body exampledescribed herein or have a different configuration, may be used with asponge 134 that is affixed to the neck of the container body 12. Thesponge 134 has an inner cavity into which the liquid dispensing end ofthe container body 12 may be inserted, and an adhesive may be used toconnect the two elements. An adhesive band 136 adhesive may be appliedaround the circumference of the tubular container body 12 and the sponge134 may have a correspondingly shaped connection region 138 may bebrought into contact with the adhesive band 136 in order to connect theelements. In operation, a user may use an object or hand to cause thefluid to flow, for example by pinching and twisting through the sponge134 to engage the tongue or projection or another elements that may beprovided to cause breakage and formation of a fluid communicationbreach. The fluid in the container body 12 can thus flow into the spongeand the applicator can be used. The breakage may be in response to atwisting, a shearing, a bending or another mechanism depending on thestructure of the liquid dispensing end of the container body.

Referring to FIGS. 32 to 34 b, the head component 14 may have variousother features and configurations. For example, the head component 14may include at least one wing element 140 that may be part of the onepiece head component structure or otherwise attached to the headcomponent.

Referring to FIG. 32, there may also be two wing elements 140 that areconfigured in an opposed and generally parallel orientation, extendingfrom a side wall of the head component 14 beyond the distal surface 62of the engagement unit 40. The engagement unit 40 may be similar ordifferent from the engagement units described and/or illustrated herein.Each wing element 140 may thus have an attachment region 142 connectedfor example to the side walls of the head component 14 and free ends144. The sponge 34 may include a single sponge piece with a lower slotfor receiving the wing elements 140 or two opposed distinct spongepieces that are attached to opposing sides of the wing elements 140. Thesponge 34 may have flat surfaces that are placed along the flat surfacesof the wing elements 140. The sponge 34 may be attached to the wingelements and/or other regions of the head component using adhesive,molding techniques (e.g. ultrasonic molding) or other techniques. Theapplicator of FIG. 32 can have one of more of the features of the otherapplicators described herein.

Referring to FIGS. 32 to 34 b, the wing elements 140 may have a varietyof configurations and structures, such as tapering toward the free ends,curved free ends (as in FIG. 32), square free ends (as in FIGS. 33 to 34b), attached to the pouter surface of the conical part of the headcomponent along a thin edge (as in FIGS. 32 and 33), or attached over alarger surface of the conical part of the head component and having ablock element 146 as the attachment region 142 (as in FIGS. 34a and 34b).

Referring to FIGS. 34a and 34b , the block element 146 may encircle theperiphery of the distal surface 62 of the engagement unit 40. Inaddition, the wing elements 140 may have a first side surface 148 havinga first colour and a second side surface 150 having a second colourdifferent from the first colour. The colours may be provided to bevisible through the sponge so as to act as indicia to indicate to a userto use one side of the sponge for an initial application of fluidfollowed by another side of the sponge for a subsequent application ofthe fluid.

Referring to FIGS. 35a and 35b , the wing elements 140 of the headcomponent 14 may be provided with at least one edge spike 156. In theembodiment shown, each wing element 140 is provided with four edgespikes 156. It is understood that the number of edge spikes 156 per wingelement 140 may vary. The head component 14 is insertable into a slot174 provided in an absorbent material, such as a sponge 34. The purposeof the edge spikes 156 is to hold the absorbent material in place, suchthat no or only a small amount of adhesive material is required toprevent to absorbent material from being easily removed after insertionof the wing elements 140 into the slot 174. In the embodiment shown, theangle α formed between the edge spikes 156 and the longitudinal axis Aof the applicator is between about 400 and about 50°, or about 45°. Itis understood that the angle α may be chosen such that the wing elements140 can be inserted into the slot of the absorbent material with littleto no resistance, and such that the edge spikes 156 of the wing elements140 hinder and/or prevent the removal of the absorbent material. Theangle α may therefore be lower than 90°.

Still referring to FIGS. 35a and 35b , the two wing elements 140 of thehead component 14 are linked together at their distal end by a bridgeelement 152. The bridge element 152 can provide stability duringinsertion of the wing elements 140 into the slot 174 of the sponge 34.It is understood that the bridge element 152 can be integrally mouldedand/or form a one-piece structure with the two wing elements 140.

The wing elements 140 and/or the bridge element 152 of the headcomponent 14 include two opposite surfaces. At least one of the opposingsurfaces of the wing elements 140 and/or the bridge element 152 caninclude at least one surface spike 154. In some embodiments, each one ofthe opposing surfaces includes at least one surface spike 154. In theembodiment shown, each wing element includes three surface spikes 154 oneach opposite surface, and the bridge element includes one surface spike154 on each opposite surface. The surface spikes 154 can have a similarfunction as the edge spikes 156, which is to hinder and/or prevent theremoval of the absorbent material after insertion of the wing elements140 into the absorbent material. It is understood that each surfacespike 154 can have various shapes which include without being limited toa cone, a prism, a triangular prism and a pyramid. In the embodimentshown in FIGS. 35a and 35b , the surface spikes 154 have a triangularprism shape. One of the surfaces of the triangular prism contacts thesurface of the wing element 140 or the bridge element 152, while theother two surfaces are configured to allow insertion of the wingelements 140 into the slot of the absorbent material while hindering orpreventing removal. For example, as shown in FIG. 35b , the angle βbetween a second surface of the triangular prism and one of the oppositesurfaces is about 45°. Similarly, the angle γ between a third surface ofthe triangular prism and one of the opposite surfaces is about 90°. Theangle β can be between 0° and 90° and/or the angle γ can be between 0°and 90°.

The sponge 34 may be provided so as to completely or partially encloseand cover the head component 14.

Now referring now to FIGS. 36a, 36b, 37a and 37b , a liquid applicatoraccording to an embodiment is shown. The container body 12 is designedto have an elongated tubular structure so as to be manipulated as ahandle by a user. The container body 12 has a central portion 68 inbetween the first end 20 and the second end 22. The central portion 68can be provided with a sleeve (not shown), which can be used to improvegrip and/or for labeling purposes. For example, the sleeve can be madeof a polymer material such as PVC, PET, HDPE, Nylon™, and other plasticmaterials. A groove 158 can be provided in the central portion 68 or thefirst end 20 of the container body, to prevent the sleeve from slidingfrom the central portion 68. In some embodiments, the central portion 68can be provided with ribs 160 which can be used to improve grip.Proximate to the second end 22 of the container body 12, the centralportion 68 can be provided with an annular ledge 162 on which theoperating hand of the user can be abutted, and/or which can serve as asupport member for the second end 22 of the container body 12.

The container body 12 is built such that the second end 20 is a separatecomponent which has threads 164A for engaging with corresponding threads164B of the central portion 68. In some embodiments, the container body12 is provided with a ratchet system including ratchet 166A and ratchet166B. In the embodiment shown, the ratchet 166A is provided on aninterior surface of the second end 20, and is configured to lock ontothe corresponding ratchet 166B provided on an exterior surface of thecentral portion 68. In the embodiment shown, the ratchet 166B is locatedon an exterior surface of the central portion 68, between the ribs 160and the annular ledge 162. In some scenarios, the ratchet system canlock the second end 20 onto the central portion 68, such that the secondend 20 is prevented from being threaded out, without the need of usingother affixing means.

Still referring to FIGS. 36a, 36b, 37a and 37b , the liquid applicatorcan include a sound-generating system for generating a sound duringrotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, in order toindicate to a user that the rotation is performed. The sound-generatingsystem includes a plurality of ribs 170 and at least one knob 172. Theat least one knob 172 is configured to cooperate with at least some ofthe ribs 170 during rotation of the container body about thelongitudinal axis, in order to generate the sound. The at least one knob172 can be located on an outer surface of the head component while theplurality of ribs 170 are located on an outer surface of the second endof the container body, or the at least one knob 172 can be located onthe outer surface of the second end of the container body while theplurality of ribs 170 are located on the outer surface of the headcomponent.

In the embodiment shown, two knobs 172 are located opposite to eachother, on an outer surface and at the base of the head component 14, andthe ribs 170 are located on the outer surface of the second end of thecontainer body. Two consecutive ribs 170 are spaced apart from oneanother at a distance allowing for a knob 172 to fit between the twoconsecutive ribs 170. In some embodiments, the knob 172 contacts the twoconsecutive ribs 170. It is understood that other configurations arepossible. In some embodiments, the at least one knob 172 can extend fromthe outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of thecontainer body and two consecutive ribs 170. In some embodiments, eachone of the plurality of ribs 170 can extend from the second end of thecontainer body to contact the outer surface of the head component. Insome embodiments, the at least one knob 172 can extend from the secondend of the container body to contact the outer surface of the headcomponent and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs 170. In someembodiments, each one of the plurality of ribs 170 can extend from theouter surface of the head component to contact the second end of thecontainer body.

In some embodiments, the container body and the head component arerotatable with respect to each other to up to a maximum angle. In somescenarios, the rotation of the container body with respect to the headcomponent enable a twisting of the offset projections 26, which aretwisted off upon reaching the maximum angle, thereby forming the fluidcommunication breach. In some embodiments, the at least one knob isimmobilized when the rotation reaches the maximum angle, therebystopping generation of the sound. For example, the maximum angle isbetween about 80° and 180° or between 80° and 100°, or of about 90°. Insome embodiments, a snap signifies the user of the completion of therotation and the projection break.

In some embodiments, the sound-generating system described herein canalso generate vibrations. In some scenarios, the user can feel thevibrations in the operating hand(s) during rotation of the containerbody with respect to the head component. The vibrations are stopped whenthe rotation is stopped or completed.

In another optional aspect, the invention may also include a one-handedmethod of applying liquid using a liquid dispensing applicator in whicha user, such as a pre-operative nurse, grasps the container body of theapplicator, twists it relative to the head component causing theprojection to break and fluid to be flowable, locks the container bodywith respect to the head component in the fluid flow position, and thencommences application of the liquid onto a surface. All of the steps areeasily performable with one hand due to the breaking by rotation and theradial locking mechanism.

1. A liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body forcontaining a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis aboutwhich the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end,the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising apassageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal endbeing for receiving the second end of the container body and the distalend being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passagewaycontaining a slot system for receiving the projection of the containerbody; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatablewith respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection andthe slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to forma fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow fromthe container body into the passageway of the head component; and asound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of thecontainer body about the longitudinal axis to indicate to a user thatthe rotation is performed, the sound-generating system comprising: atleast one knob and a plurality of ribs, the at least one knobcooperating with at least some of the ribs during rotation of thecontainer body about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate thesound, wherein the at least one knob is located on an outer surface ofthe head component and the plurality of ribs are located on an outersurface of the second end of the container body, or the at least oneknob is located on the outer surface of the second end of the containerbody and the plurality of ribs are located on the outer surface of thehead component.
 2. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least oneknob comprises two knobs.
 3. The applicator of claim 2, wherein the twoknobs are located opposite to each other.
 4. The applicator of claim 1,wherein the at least one knob is positioned between two consecutive onesof the plurality of ribs.
 5. The applicator of claim 1, wherein thecontainer body and the head component are rotatable with respect to eachother to up to a maximum angle.
 6. The applicator of claim 5, whereinthe fluid communication breach is formed substantially upon reaching themaximum angle, and wherein the at least one knob is immobilized uponreaching the maximum angle thereby stopping generation of the sound. 7.The applicator of claim 5, wherein the maximum angle is between about80° and about 180°.
 8. The applicator of claim 1, wherein a snapsignifies the user of the completion of the rotation and the projectionbreak.
 9. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least one knobextends from the outer surface of the head component to contact thesecond end of the container body and two consecutive ones of theplurality of ribs.
 10. The applicator of claim 1, wherein each one ofthe plurality of ribs extends from the second end of the container bodyto contact the outer surface of the head component.
 11. The applicatorof claim 1, wherein the at least one knob extends from the second end ofthe container body to contact the outer surface of the head componentand two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.
 12. The applicator ofclaim 1, wherein each one of the plurality of ribs extends from theouter surface of the head component to contact the second end of thecontainer body.
 13. A liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: acontainer body for containing a liquid, the container body having alongitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and afirst end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; ahead component comprising a passageway having a distal end and aproximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of thecontainer body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto asurface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving theprojection of the container body; wherein the container body and thehead component are rotatable with respect to each other to enableengagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage ofpart of the container body to form a fluid communication breach therebyallowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passagewayof the head component, the head component further comprising at leastone wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbentmaterial, the at least one wing element extending from an outer surfaceof the head component and comprising opposing surfaces and a at leastone edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element andconfigured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed afterinsertion of the at least one wing element into the slot.
 14. Theapplicator of claim 13, wherein the at least one edge spike comprises aplurality of edge spikes.
 15. The applicator of claim 13, wherein anangle formed between the at least one edge spike and the longitudinalaxis is lower than 90°.
 16. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the atleast one wing element comprises two wing elements.
 17. The applicatorof claim 16, wherein the two wing elements are provided in aspaced-apart and generally parallel relation to each other.
 18. Theapplicator of claim 16, wherein the two wing elements are linkedtogether by a bridge element.
 19. The applicator of claim 13, wherein atleast one of the opposing surfaces comprises at least one surface spike.20. The applicator of claim 13, wherein each one of the opposingsurfaces comprises at least one surface spike.
 21. The applicator ofclaim 20, wherein the at least one surface spike comprises a pluralityof surface spikes.
 22. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the at leastone wing element comprises an attachment region attached to the outersurface of the head component and a free end extending beyond an endsurface of the slot system.
 23. The applicator of claim 22, wherein theattachment region is connected to a conical part of the head component.24. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the head component including theat least one wing element is provided as a one piece structure.
 25. Theapplicator of claim 13, wherein the head component is a moldedstructure.
 26. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the absorbentmaterial comprises a single piece of sponge comprising a slot forreceiving at least part of the at least one wing element therein.